Selection of Fused Zirconium Corundum Bricks in Furnaces

In recent years, with the digestion and absorption of imported technologies, the technical progress of kiln furnaces has continuously increased the quality requirements of tilt-casting fused zirconia corundum bricks, and the usage has been continuously expanded. As a manufacturing factory, the production technology of inclined cast bricks has been updated and improved, making the product quality a relatively large step, basically reaching the international advanced level of similar products.



The demand for non-shrinkable fused zirconia corundum bricks has been increasing in recent years, with the exception that 41# fused zirconia corundum bricks are almost completely free of shrinkage casting, and oxidizing method 33# is not required for crater-free fused zirconia corundum bricks. There has also been a considerable increase in usage. The production cost of this product is high and the production process is more complicated, so the selling price of the product is higher. In recent years there have also been glass melting furnaces using dense-end cast bricks, which are used in the pool wall area.

The basic principles for the rational selection of fused zirconia corundum bricks:
(1) The wall bricks in contact with the glass melt are oxidized with a 33 # tilted cast zirconia corundum brick. This choice is technically and economically reasonable.
(2) Almost all of the upper structure of the melting furnace can be normally fused cast zirconia corundum bricks, and its function is fully enough.
(3) For the furnace with kiln bottom insulation, the 75mm-thick oxidizing method with 33# non-shrinkage AZS bricks is most suitable for the kiln floor surface, and it is used in combination with the zirconium corundum ramming material.
(4) The side walls, flat borings and inclined rakes of small furnaces are generally made of 33 # zirconia corundum bricks with common casting reduction method, and the bottom of the furnace can also be made of 33 # zirconia corundum bricks without shrinkage or dense casting.
(5) The wall of the clarification department is preferably made of ordinary cast α-β alumina bricks, and the kiln bottom is preferably made of α-β alumina bricks without shrinkage casting. The cost of such selected furnaces is higher and can also be used. Oxidation method 33 # AZS brick instead.

Green Silicon Carbide - The best Silicon Carbide Black from China YuShi

Green Silicon Carbide (SiC) is an extremely hard (Mohs 9.4 / 2600 Knoop) man made mineral that possesses high thermal conductivity and high strength at elevated temperatures (at 1000°C, SiC is 7.5 times stronger than Al2O3).

Green SiC is made from Silica sand and coke, and is extremely pure. Hexagonally shaped, it breaks into very sharp particles. Green SiC is harder than black, coming in at a 9.4 Mohs and 2600 on the Knoop scale.



Green Silicon Carbide is produced in electrical internal resistance furnaces from very high purity silica sand and petroleum coke.

Description of Green Silicon Carbide

Green silicon carbide is produced as the same type as the black silicon carbide, except the different raw materials. Its crystallization has higher purity and hardness.



Green silicon carbide is suitable for processing hard alloy, metallic and non-metallic materials with hard and brittle feature such as copper, brass, aluminum, magnesium, jewel, optical glass, ceramics etc. Super micropower of it is also a kind of ceramics material.

Rotary Kilns - The best Rotary Furnace from Luwei Rotary Kiln Manufacturers.

Description of Rotary kilns
A Rotary Kilns is a pyroprocessing device used to raise materials to a high temperature (calcination) in a continuous process. As the kiln rotates, material gradually moves down towards the lower end, and may undergo a certain amount of stirring and mixing.



Rotary kilns work by processing material in a rotating drum at high temperatures for a specified retention time to cause a physical change or chemical reaction in the material being processed. Rotary Kilns — rotating industrial drying ovens — are used for a wide variety of applications including processing raw minerals and feedstocks as well as heat-treating hazardous wastes.

Features of Rotary kilns
Rotary Kiln / Furnace is mainly used for metallurgical industry, iron and steel plant iron ore roasting, chromium, nickel ore roasting, refractory plant roasting high bauxite ore and aluminum roasting clinker, aluminum hydroxide, chemical plant roasting chrome ore and chrome powder minerals.

Black Silicon Carbide - The best Silicon Carbide Black from China YuShi

Black Silicon Carbide (SiC) is a semi-friable abrasive often used for general abrasive applications in bonded abrasive tools, lapping, polishing, tock tumbling, glass etching and frosting.

Black Silicon Carbide is produced in electrical internal resistance furnaces from high purity silica sand and petroleum coke.

Black SiC is typically used on hard or brittle materials. It is also used for kiln furniture, lapping and polishing, non-woven, tumbling, pressure blasting, anti-skid, electrical heating elements, aerospace, composites, etc.



Black silicon carbide (SiC) is a semi-friable abrasive often used for general abrasive applications in bonded abrasive tools, lapping, polishing, tock tumbling, glass etching and frosting. Black Silicon Carbide grains for bonded applications. Used in the manufacture of grinding wheels, polishing blocks, rubbing bricks, honing sticks, foundry fluxes, rice and dal-mill, shellers, for abrasive blasting, lapping, cutting and polishing of gems and granite, antiskid surfacing and other general purpose applications.



Black silicon carbide is produced at high temperature in an electric resistance type furnace with quarts sand and petroleum coke as its main raw materials. It is used for making bonded and coated abrasive tools, grinding metal and non-metal materials of lower tensile strength, such as gray cast iron yellow bronze, aluminum, stone, leather, rubber, etc.

Bogie Hearth Furnaces - The best Bogie Hearth Kilns from Luwei Bogie Hearth Furnace.

Description of Bogie Hearth Furnace
Trolley type Bogie Hearth Annealing Furnace is also called as shuttle furnacecar, bottom furnace and pottery kiln in china. Welded by steel and profiled steel and chamber is high purity ceramic fiber plates and high quality electric resistance wire. Bogie Hearth Furnaces are usually provided with one only sliding type front door for batch loading and unloading.



For annealing and hardening of larger parts, for example heavy cast parts or tool steel dies to temperatures between 800°C and 1100°C, we recommend our bogie hearth furnaces with radiation heating. Bogie Hearth Furnaces are lined with ceramic fibre modules/blankets on the side wall, roof and door and hearth of the furnace will be provided with combination of high/medium grade aluminium bricks backed-up by insulation bricks to minimize the skin temperature.

Features of Car Bottom Furnace
Bogie Hearth Furnace is often used for heat treatment such as tempering, annealing, soft annealing, normalizing, stress relieving, homogenizing and recrystallization. The chamber of the Bogie Hearth Furnace is insulated with high temperature fiber insulation and mineral wool. The elements are assembled on the sidewalls of the chamber furnace to achieve a high temperature accuracy and easy maintenance.

Recycling of waste refractories in the glass industry

The European glass industry uses more than 100,000 tons per year on kilns with a service life of 5 to 8 years. The dismantling of these kilns will generate thousands of tons of discarded refractories, most of which will be sent to the Technical Stacking Center (CET) or proprietary dumps.Fused Cast AZS Bricks



At present, 30% to 35% of the silica bricks removed after the kiln has been used can be reused to make two kinds of silica bricks, including the silicon wedge bricks and lightweight thermal insulation used in the working pool or regenerator roof. Silicon bricks. The former European factory that recycles and reuses refractory materials is specialized in the treatment of waste refractories from the glass industry, iron and steel industry, incinerators and chemical industry, and the recovery rate reaches 90%.

A glass company cuts the wall of the kiln's melting pool as a whole, succeeded in using the effective part of the pool wall, and removed the glass adhered on the surface of the used AZS brick, and cracked the brick with a method of quenching, broken and grinded. After screening, different size aggregates and fines are obtained to produce cheap high-performance castables and iron channels.

Black Fused Aluminum - The best Black Fused Aluminum Oxide Abrasives from China YuShi

Black Fused Alumina, also called Black Fused Aluminium Oxide, Black Aluminum Oxide, is a black color artificial corundum for abrasives.

Black Fused Alumina Abrasives is mostly used in grinding and polishing stainless steel, metal works, optical glass, bamboo or articles.

Black Fused Aluminium Oxide has moderate hardness, less heat during abrasives, good strength and can be used for sand blasting, polishing, grinding of stainless steel and other non-metal surfaces



Description of Black Fused Aluminum Abrasives
Most of Black fused alumina is made in China, which is also known as low aluminum corundum. It is a dark gray crystal, melted in electric arc furnaces by using the bauxite as its raw material. Black fused alumina is characterized by low Al2O3 and a certain amount of Fe2O3 (10% more or less) content, so it has characteristics of moderate hardness, high toughness, high temperature resistance, and high thermal stability.

Black Fused Alumina is also known as low aluminum corundum. (Al2O3) content is 70% ~ 80%, containing more silicon oxide and titanium oxide impurities, It is also a new type product of polishing material, and it is a dark gray crystal body made αAl2O3 and ferropicotite as main ore in the electric arc furnace by smelting the bauxite.

Black Fused Alumina has characteristics of moderate hardness, high toughness, high temperature resistance, and stable thermal stability. and it is mainly suitable for free grinding, such as coarse grinding before electroplating products, mainly for polishing and sandblasting of stainless steel, fabricated metal products.

Tunnel Kilns - The best Tunnel Kiln from Luwei Tunnel Kilns.

Description of Tunnel Kilns
Luwei Tunnel Furnace Technologies offers Tunnel Kilns specifically designed for the elaboration and optimization of thin film photovoltaic absorbers, Our Tunnel Kilns technology is based on innovative and flexible software-controlled single-substrate RTP/evaporation processes dedicated to the atmospheric-pressure selenization, sulphurisation, crystallization, etc.



The Tunnel Kilns maintains and equalizes the temperature of the slabs arriving from the caster and delivers them to the rolling mill. The Tunnel furnace provides a buffer of up to six hot slabs, available for rolling when the mill is ready, and The Tunnel Kilns are roughly 675-foot long, divided into 11 zones. Natural gas burners maintain a temperature of 1800° F - 2100° F in the fired zones. A door at the rolling mill exit end of the furnace prevents heat losses, opening when it is time to roll a slab.

Features of Tunnel Kilns
Tunnel Furnace steel bar heat treatment systems have fully integrated hardening, quenching and tempering for high volume and continuous production up to 9 metric tons/hr (20,000 lbs/hr).

Brown Fused Aluminum - The best Brown Fused Aluminum Oxide Abrasives from China YuShi

Brown fused Alumina is mainly used as a recyclable abrasive in blast cabinets and blast rooms. Because of Brown fused Alumina low iron content, alumina is often used in blasting operations where iron contamination on the non-ferrous metal substrate is not allowed.

Aluminium oxide is a very hard and sharp abrasive that cleans rapidly. It leaves an anchor profile prior to coating and is suitable for removal of scale, rust and old coatings. Furthermore it is used for ceramic grinding wheels, refractory applications and polishing and grinding.



Brown fused alumina is produced from bauxite, charcoal, iron chip by being fused under high temperature in an electric arc furnace. It is characterized by high toughness and has a micro hardness of 2000-2200kg/mm2. The Abrasive tools made by brown fused alumina are suitable for grinding carbon steel, normal alloy steel, malleable cast iron and hard bronze, etc. Brown fused alumina can also be used for making fine quality refractory etc.

Brown Fused Alumina is a tough, sharp abrasives which is highly suitable for grinding metals of high tensile strength. Brown fused Alumina thermal properties make it an excellent material for use in the manufacture of refractory products. This material is also used in other applications like blasting and surface hardening.

Shuttle Kiln - The best Shuttle Kilns from Luwei Shuttle Furnace.

Description of Shuttle Kilns
If you need to heat process ceramics, metals or glass in various ways and require flexible production schedules, or different cycles to different temperatures, then a Carbottom/Shuttle Kiln may be the best choice for your application. Luwei furnace’s Shuttle Kilns define batch firing for the ceramic industry. The kilns come in a wide range of capacities and with a choice of door, combustion system, and control designs.



A Shuttle Kiln is a car-bottom kiln with a door on one or both ends. Burners are positioned top and bottom on each side, creating a turbulent circular air flow. This type of kiln is generally a multi-car design and is used for processing whitewares, technical ceramics, and refractories in batches. A Shuttle Kiln derives its name from the fact that kiln cars can enter a shuttle kiln from either end of the kiln for processing, whereas a tunnel kiln has flow in only one direction.

Features of Shuttle Kilns
Ceramic Electric Shuttle Kiln with trolley is also called as shuttle furnacecar bottom furnace and pottery kiln in china. Welded by steel and profiled steel and chamber is high purity ceramic fiber plates and high quality electric resistance wire.

Pink Fused Aluminum - The best Pink Fused Aluminum Oxide Abrasives from China YuShi

Pink Fused Aluminum Oxide contains chromium oxide, which gives the material its pink color. The incorporation of the Cr2O3 into the Al2O3 crystal lattice produces a slight increase in toughness and a reduced friability compared with White Fused Alumina.



Pink Fused Alumina is produced by doping Chromia into Alumina, which gives the material pink color. The incorporation of the Cr2O3 into the AI2O3 crystal lattice produces a slight increase in toughness and a reduced friability compared with white Fused Alumina.

Description of Pink Fused Aluminum Abrasives
Pink Fused Alumina and Ruby Fused Alumina is produced by adding chromium oxide to high purity aluminum oxide during the fusion process. The amount of chromium oxide added affects the color of the final product, as well as the toughness of the grain. With increased additions of chromium oxide, the toughness of the grain increases. Compared to Brown Regular Aluminum Oxide the Pink material is harder, more aggressive and has better cutting ability. The grain shape of Pink Aluminum Oxide is sharp and angular.



Pink Fused Alumina is White Fused Alumina with chrome oxide (under 0.5% Cr2O3) has been added in the fusion process to produce a grain that is slightly tougher than regular white fused alumina used for grinding unhardened high alloy steels. If more chrome oxide (about 3% Cr2O3) has been added to, it will get Ruby Fused Alumina, which provides additional toughness over pink fused alumina.

The raw material and refining work of pink aluminum oxide are basically the same as white aluminum oxide. They are both needed to add Cr203 and well mixed to be refined as abrasives with rose red color. Its hardness is close to white corundum, and the roughness is higher than white aluminum oxide. It is suitable for grinding knifes, measuring tools, meters, screw etc. that require low roughness.

Continuous Mesh Belt Furnaces - Mesh Belt Furnace for Continuous Heat Treatment Applications.

Description of Continuous Mesh Belt Furnace
Luwei Furnace supplies the Continuous Mesh Belt Furnace is mainly used in the production of ceramic tiles table dishware bone teaset pottery bowls ceramic gifts and other ceramic building materials. Continuous Mesh Belt Furnaces are capable of achieving numerous metallurgical processes, including bright annealing, brazing, process curing, sintering, stress relieving, and tempering.

Luwei Furnace is the industry leader for the supply of Continuous Mesh Belt Furnace Systems. Continuous Mesh Belt Furnace can be attributed to continuous design innovation which changed the industry and continues today.



Features of Continuous Mesh Belt Furnace
The Continuous Mesh Belt Furnace directly heating by the electric heating tube with internal hot air mixing. Heating tunnel include the furnace bodyelectric heating tubehot air mixing motorconveying systerm and the electrical control systerm. The top have the airoutlet port through the valve to adjust exhaust gas out. The heating tube at both side of the belt up and down which can ensure the fast heating and good heating effect.

Refractory industry may usher in changes

Controlling new production capacity, encouraging equal or reduced replacement, relying on existing refractory material production enterprises, carrying out technological transformation through joint reorganization, advancing energy conservation and emission reduction, and producing and promoting monolithic refractories, optimizing industrial structure, and increasing production concentration. degree. World heritage sites, scenic spots, ecological protection zones, drinking water source protection zones and other areas that need special protection and non-industrial construction planning zones may not be built or expanded.Fused Cast AZS Bricks



The raw material storage yard is equipped with walls and roofs, broken (powder) crushed, sieved, homogenized, transported, formed and processed into dust-prone processes, and dust collection devices are provided to prevent fugitive emissions of dust. Dust-laden gas is discharged after reaching the standard.

Supporting the construction of kiln flue gas dust removal, desulfurization, denitrification and other treatment devices. The reuse rate of the production process wastewater shall not be less than 90%, and the sewage shall be discharged after the treatment reaches the standard. Adopt cleaner production technologies and carry out cleaner production audits in accordance with the law. Establish an environmental management system and formulate emergency plans for emergency environmental incidents.



In respect of energy saving, consumption reduction and comprehensive utilization, the “Code” requires that the solid wastes such as crushing, fines, and dust recovered from the production process be recycled and reused, and the use of recycled refractories be encouraged. Refractory material enterprises that consume 5,000 tons of standard coal and above should submit their own energy utilization status report regularly to provide reliable energy consumption data according to the requirements of the local industrial energy conservation management department.

White Fused Aluminum - The best White Fused Aluminum Oxide Abrasives from China YuShi

White Fused Alumina Abrasives is classified to exacting standards for various applications where higher purity levels and reduced iron content are required.



White Fused Alumina is produced by fusing calcined alumina. It is white in colour, a dense mineral and has predominantly large crystals of Alpha Alumina.

White Fused Alumina belongs to the group of electro-corundum. It is produced by controlled melting of alumina in an electric arc furnace. White fused alumina is iron-free, ultra pure and extremely hard.



Description of White Fused Aluminum Abrasives
White fused alumina is fused by alumina powder by electric arc furnace under high temperature. It has white color and little higher hardness and lower toughness comparing with brown fused alumina. The micro hardness of the product is 2200-2300kg/mm2. White fused alumina has higher hardness and slight lower toughness comparing with brown fused alumina. White fused alumina is also characterized by its high purity, acid and alkali resistance, good thermal stability. It’s the high grade refractory materials.



Applications of White Fused Aluminum Abrasives
Dedicated lines produce products for different applications. White Fused Alumina is highly friable and hence used in Vitrified Bonded Abrasives products where cool, fast cutting action is essential and also in the manufacture of high purity Alumina refractories. Other applications include use in Coated Abrasives, Surface treatment, Ceramic Tiles, Anti-Skid Paints, Fluidized Bed Furnaces and Skin / Dental Care.

Mesh Belt Furnace - The best Continuous heat treatment mesh belt furnace from Luwei Furnace.

Description of Mesh Belt Furnace
Luwei Furnace supplies the Mesh Belt Furnace is mainly used in the production of ceramic tiles table dishware bone teaset pottery bowls ceramic gifts and other ceramic building materials. The Mesh Belt Furnace is continuous heating and work it is made by the rotation of the ceramic tube as the roller kiln vehicle the ceramic tiles or bricks materials in the kiln inner chamber.

The rotation of the ceramic tube with high temperature (high-alumina) or SiC depending on the calcination temperature and ar driven by independent controller. Products are conveyed through preheatingcalcinating and cooling zones on rotating rollers and are placed on selters according to the shape and dimensions. And are heated uniformly by the upper and lower heaters (electric resistance wiressilicon carbide(SIC) or silicon molybdenum rods(MoSi2).



Features of Mesh Belt Furnace The Mesh Belt Furnace directly heating by the electric heating tube with internal hot air mixing. Heating tunnel include the furnace bodyelectric heating tubehot air mixing motorconveying systerm and the electrical control systerm. The top have the airoutlet port through the valve to adjust exhaust gas out. The heating tube at both side of the belt up and down which can ensure the fast heating and good heating effect.

The best Roller Hearth Furnace Systems of Roller Furnace from Luwei.

Description of Roller Hearth Furnace 
Roller Hearth Furnace continuous heating and work, Products are conveyed through preheating,calcinating and cooling zones on rotating rollers and are placed on selters according to the shape and dimensions.Products are heated uniformly by the upper and lower heaters(electric resistance wires,silicon carbide(SIC) or silicon molybdenum rods(MoSi2) ). 

Roller Hearth Furnace in industrial furnace for ceramic tiles with 1400°C is mainly used for pre-burnceramicschemical productssinteirngthe calcined powders and other industries Equipment with low faulure ratehigh degree of automationlow power consumptioneasy operation and maintenance and so on. 



Features of Roller Hearth Furnace 
Roller Hearth Furnaces are designed to heat treat a wide variety of products economically with uniform, repeatable results. There’s a wide range of sizes of electric or fuel-fired heating systems with matched cooling sections and material handling systems. 

Roller Hearth Furnace The Roller Hearth Furnace is a continuous or batch furnace concept that allows processing of small product in trays and baskets or larger product directly on the furnace hearth. Roller Hearth Furnaces can be provided in electric, direct fired and indirect gas fired configurations to meet specific processing requirements. 

Market demand analysis of magnesium dolomite refractory

At present, combined with Mg-Cr2O3 brick, direct combination with Mg-Cr2O3 brick is the main material of firing furnace of AOD furnace and large-scale cement kiln in China. This brick has a load softening temperature, high temperature strength, high temperature stability and good volume characteristics.



However, the use of Mg-Cr2O3 bricks as AOD furnace linings and large cement kilns can lead to environmental pollution; non-continuous erosion and anti-spalling properties are not ideal; chromium in Mg-Cr2O3 bricks will be absorbed by the molten steel, resulting in Chromium content of chromium in molten steel is difficult to control; at the same time, domestic chromite resources are relatively scarce, with low grade, high content of harmful impurities SiO2, and high price.

Europe, Japan and other countries out of resources and environmental considerations, almost all AOD furnaces are made of magnesium dolomite refractory lining material. In the future, refractory materials that pollute the environment will no longer be produced and import restrictions will be imposed.



With China's accession to the WTO, the quality of national environmental protection and environmental requirements will certainly be higher and higher. Taking into account the limited resources and long-term development needs, environmentally friendly products will surely become the mainstream of the future.

The best Car Bottom Furnace from Luwei Car Bottom Furnaces.

Description of Car Bottom Furnace

Car Bottom Furnace is also called as Shuttle Furnace Car Bottom Furnace and Pottery Kiln. Car Bottom Furnace is welded for heating treatment ceramic tiles/bricks, sintering glass materials, pottery, sintering kinds of ceramics, heating treatment for metals and heat treatment of the new materials and composite materials.



The design of a Car Bottom Furnace incorporates a rail mounted product car to transfer parts into and out of the furnace. The Car Bottom Furnace is an excellent solution to heat-treat large and heavy welded fabrications such as gear blanks, oil drill pipe, drive shafts, and similar type products.

Features of Car Bottom Furnace
1200°C degree 1600°C degree metal or ceramics heat treatment furnace Car Bottom Furnace is welded by steel and profiled steel; furnace chamber is ceramic fiber and high quality electric resistance wire/SiC heaters, which can save 40% energy than brick furnace chamber. Car Bottom Furnace is mainly used for annealing, normalizing and stress relieving of bars and tubes, forgings, large weldments and castings.

Impurities mixed will affect the electrical properties of ceramic pieces

Fused Cast AZS Bricks - Size and shape of the ultra-poor on the assembly, especially for the use of a closure process manufacturers will cause positioning difficulties, and for the entire pipe coaxiality, air tightness and other assurance buried under the hidden dangers, thereby reducing the reliability of the product . In order to ensure the size of the porcelain shell, the precision of the shape should be strengthened to control and manage all the processes of porcelain production, including raw material processing, slurry preparation, molding, wax removal and firing processes.



Defects in the sealing surface Because the sealing surface is the key part of the ceramic parts and metal parts, it will directly affect the internal quality of the metal and the sealing, so the quality requirements of the sealing surface for each manufacturer are very strict. I plant the sealing surface of the site requires no cracks, pores, scratches, pits, mezzanine and so on. Porcelain pieces of impurities in porcelain impurities mainly from raw materials and processes. Some impurities in the oxidizing atmosphere is color, such as Cr2O3, Fe2O3, TiO2, etc., so under light can see the red, yellow or black spots, some impurities are colorless.

The inclusion of these impurities will affect the electrical properties of ceramic pieces, dielectric loss increases, reducing the level of pressure. Therefore, porcelain manufacturers should strictly control the quality of raw materials and process. These are some of the more likely to appear in the production test, these are all porcelain manufacturers can control or improve some of the problems, how to control these issues is the need for manufacturers to take seriously.